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Annotating Dynamic Verbs

Many verbs denote not a state but an event. Often, this event can be framed in terms of the initiation, deinitiation, continuation, or prevention of a state. In these cases, we combine the frame label for the state with one of -INIT, -NEG-INIT, -NEG-INIT-NEG, or -INIT-NEG.

Dependency graph for sentence: Kim bought the house. Token bought is labeled POSSESSION-INIT and has an edge labeled possessor to token Kim and an edge labeled possessum to token house.         Dependency graph for sentence: Kim sold the house. Token sold is labeled POSSESSION-NEG-INIT and has an edge labeled possessor to token Kim and an edge labeled possessum to token house.         Dependency graph for sentence: Kim kept the house. Token kept is labeled POSSESSION-NEG-INIT-NEG and has an edge labeled possessor to token Kim and an edge labeled possessum to token house.         Dependency graph for sentence: Kim failed to buy the house. Token failed is labeled META-INIT-NEG and has an edge labeled participant to token Kim and an edge labeled scene to token buy. Token buy is labeled POSSESSION-INIT and has an edge labeled possessor to token Kim and an edge labeled possessum to token house.        

Other events cannot as easily be expressed in terms of a state. We give them the very general frame SITUATION combined with -DYN (dynamic).

Dependency graph for sentence: Kim was dancing. Token dancing is labeled SITUATION-DYN and has an edge labeled situee to token Kim.        

Further Examples

Dependency graph for sentence: The vase fell to the ground. Token fell is labeled LOCATION-INIT and has an edge labeled has-location to token vase and an edge labeled location to token ground.         Dependency graph for sentence: The vase broke. Token broke is labeled INTERNAL-STATE-INIT and has an edge labeled has-state to token vase.         Dependency graph for sentence: Kim befriended Sandy. Token befriended is labeled SOCIAL-RELATION-INIT and has an edge labeled socially-related to token Kim and an edge labeled socially-related-to to token Sandy.         Dependency graph for sentence: Kim married Sandy. Token married is labeled SOCIAL-RELATION-INIT and has an edge labeled socially-related to token Kim and an edge labeled socially-related-to to token Sandy.         Dependency graph for sentence: Kim divorced Sandy. Token divorced is labeled SOCIAL-RELATION-NEG-INIT and has an edge labeled socially-related to token Kim and an edge labeled socially-related-to to token Sandy.